Reimagining Type 1 Diabetes Care in India: A Three-decade Reflection on Challenges, Innovations, and Opportunities since the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial.

Saboo, Banshi, Shambo S Samajdar, Rishi Shukla, Archna Sarda, G D Ramchandani, Dhruvi Hasnani, Minal Mohit, Mahira Saiyed, and Shashank Joshi. 2025. “Reimagining Type 1 Diabetes Care in India: A Three-Decade Reflection on Challenges, Innovations, and Opportunities since the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial.”. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 73 (12): 71-77.

Abstract

Three decades after the landmark Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), type 1 diabetes (T1D) care in India continues to face systemic, socioeconomic, and technological challenges. Despite a relatively lower incidence compared to high-income countries, India bears a disproportionate burden of T1D-related morbidity and premature mortality due to late diagnoses, fragmented care, limited access to insulin, and underutilization of glucose-monitoring technologies. This editorial explores the current landscape of T1D management in India through the lens of the T1D Index, highlighting critical disparities in care quality, life expectancy, and health-adjusted life years lost. We reflect on the need for a national T1D registry, improved access to advanced therapies such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, and the establishment of multidisciplinary pediatric diabetes centers. The manuscript emphasizes systemic reforms, including public-private partnerships, indigenous manufacturing of diabetes technologies, and expanded education and psychosocial support frameworks. By integrating global best practices with localized solutions, India can bridge the care gap and redefine T1D outcomes for future generations.

Last updated on 12/15/2025
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