Publications

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  • Patel, Sarah E., Jessica Varghese, and Kerry Hamm. 2024. “Defining Sense of Belonging in Nursing- An Evolutionary Concept Analysis”. Journal of Professional Nursing 54: 151-63. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2024.07.003.

    Objectives

    The purpose of this analysis is to develop the concept of sense of belonging in nursing. The secondary purpose is to identify the antithesis or direct opposite beyond the negative consequences related to a lack of belonging in nursing.

    Design

    Rodgers' evolutionary method guided the analysis and advancement of sense of belonging in nursing.

    Data sources

    Following PRISMA guidelines, peer-reviewed English articles and dissertations were reviewed from PubMed, ERIC, CINAHL, and PsychINFO. Forty-seven articles describing sense of belonging in the nursing profession, both academic and workforce, were included.

    Review methods

    Inductive thematic analysis was used to determine recurring themes of the antecedents, attributes, consequences, and antithesis of belonging in nursing.

    Results

    A welcoming, positive atmosphere encouraging a culture of mentorship is key to developing an environment of belonging. The attributes of belonging include being trusted, valued, and an accepted part of the team, and encouraging a connection to the community. Nurses and nursing students have improved confidence, self-esteem, and motivation to learn when a sense of belonging is present. They feel supported and respected in the environment. However, historically minoritized students and nurses report discrimination, bias, and condescension resulting in feeling invisible, isolated, excluded, and neglected. Nurses and nursing students feel invisible, isolated, excluded, and neglected without a sense of belonging.

    Conclusion

    Developing a sense of belonging in nurses and nursing students is critical to our profession. Further research is essential to develop interventions and strategies for cultivating a sense of belonging in nursing.

  • Patel, Sarah E., and Steven R Chesnut. (2024) 2024. “Relationships Among Pelvic Congestion Syndrome Pain, Daily Activities, and Quality of Life”. Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing 53 (4): 416-26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2024.03.002.

    Objective

    To examine women’s experiences of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) pain.

    Design

    Descriptive, cross-sectional.

    Setting

    Online questionnaires in a Facebook PCS support group.

    Participants

    Convenience sample of 143 women who self-identified as being diagnosed with PCS.

    Methods

    We recruited women through a social media support group and invited them to participate in a self-reported questionnaire. We collected demographic information and used the McGill Pain Questionnaire to elicit responses related to pain quality, pain intensity, quality of life, and satisfaction with health care. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and correlation coefficients.

    Results

    Respondents characterized their PCS pain as exhausting, stabbing, sharp, shooting, and tender. Respondents indicated that 19 of 24 daily activities increased PCS pain, whereas only 5 reduced PCS pain. Pain intensity was negatively related to the quality of life, health satisfaction, sleep, and sexual relationships.

    Conclusion

    Chronic pelvic pain from PCS severely affected quality of life among respondents. These findings suggest a difference in the presentation of PCS from historical pain depictions and further highlight the need to identify pain profiles to increase timely and precise diagnosis. Further research is needed to evaluate interventions to increase the quality of life for women with PCS.

  • Ruyak, Sharon L., Laura Migliaccio, Amy Levi, and Sarah E. Patel. (2018) 2018. “Role Development in Midwifery Education: A Place for Simulation.”. Midwifery 59: 141-43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2018.01.021.

    Objective

    simulation-based learning is increasingly seen as an effective strategy to develop student nurse-midwives into effective healthcare team members. A gap exists concerning the use of simulation to promote role transition/development of the student midwife. The purpose of this paper is to describe an evolving simulation curriculum aimed at role development of the student midwife as well as technical skills training.

    Setting

    the University of New Mexico, College of Nursing and the Interprofessional Healthcare Simulation Center.

    Participants

    this program involves students enrolled in the Masters in Nursing Program, Midwifery Concentration and students enrolled in the pre-licensure Bachelor of Science in Nursing program.

    Findings

    simulation allows for an opportunity to focus on communication skills with other team members, practicing the importance of clear delegation of responsibilities in high-stress situations.

    Conclusions

    the value of practicing the necessary communication skills, as well as the opportunity to engage in simulated delegation of tasks, is an important aspect of midwifery role development.

  • Chrisman, Matthew, Sarah E. Patel, and Rachel Alonzo. (2019) 2019. “Use of MyPlate Nutrition Guidelines in K-12 Teachers and Principals, and Barriers to Using Them.”. Health Education Journal 79 (2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896919867986.

    Objective:

    MyPlate, a tool for communicating the federal nutrition guidelines in the USA, may contribute to healthy diets and behaviours, yet whether and how it is used by teachers and school principals is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine (1) the prevalence of using nutrition lessons and MyPlate guidelines by K-12 teachers and principals; (2) barriers to, and facilitators of, using them; and (3) suggested strategies to improve their use.

    Methods:

    A convenience sample of teachers and principals (n = 124) from a Midwestern US school district were surveyed.

    Results:

    The majority of respondents were women (88%), elementary school teachers (76%) and Caucasian (90%). A total of 18% (n = 16) of teachers included nutrition in lesson plans. A total of 17% (n = 15) of teachers used MyPlate in their classrooms, primarily through handouts and group activities. Being a parent and being more familiar with MyPlate were positively associated with including nutrition in lessons, and income and higher education were inversely associated with including nutrition in lessons. Barriers included lack of time, knowledge and resources, and facilitators included believing nutrition was important, nutrition being part of the curriculum and personal interest. Suggested strategies to improve use of MyPlate included introducing the MyPlate curriculum into health, physical education or other classes; using MyPlate messages in the cafeteria; and posting signage around the school.

    Conclusion:

    MyPlate use was low in this sample of teachers and principals in a Midwestern US school district. Handouts, group activities, signage and curriculum integration could potentially increase schools’ use of the resource. Strategies should be developed to reduce the barriers for using MyPlate. Future research should examine a more diverse sample of teachers and strategies to integrate MyPlate into curriculum.

  • Patel, Sarah E., and Matthew Chrisman. (2020) 2020. “Incivility through the Continuum of Nursing: A Concept Analysis.”. Nursing Forum, 1-8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12425.

    Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the gap between incivility in the workplace and academia and develop a connection to the psychosocial distress effects on the victims.

    Background: While incivility in nursing has reached epidemic proportions in the past decade, the current definitions of incivility are limited to the workplace or academia and lack consideration of the consequences related to the social well-being of the victim.

    Design: Rodgers' evolutionary method was used in this study.

    Data Source: Following the PRISMA guidelines, articles were reviewed from PubMed and CINAHL between 2008 to 2019. Twenty articles describing incivility faced by staff nurses, student nurses, academic faculty, and nursing administrators were included in the final analysis.

    Review Methods: Inductive thematic analysis was used to determine the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of incivility in nursing.

    Results: Findings included a culture of incivility and power gradients as antecedents. The attributes of incivility were verbal or non-verbal behaviors that demean, dismiss, or exclude the individual. Consequences of incivility are psychosocial and physiological distress.

    Conclusion: A broader definition of incivility may be appropriate. Further research is needed to determine interventions to mitigate the effects of incivility.

  • Patterson, Judith A., Matthew Chrisman, Anita Skarbek, Suzanne Martin-Sticklin, and Sarah E. Patel. (2021) 2021. “Challenges of Preparing Nursing Students for Practice: The Faculty Perspective”. Journal of Nursing Education 60 (4): 225-28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20210322-08.

    Background: A significant challenge facing nursing is new graduate RNs' unreadiness for practice. To better understand the issue, this study presents the challenges nursing faculty encounter in preparing nursing students for clinical practice through semi-structured interviews.

    Method: Eight faculty from a private midwestern university's prelicensure Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) program participated in the study. A modified version of Colaizzi's data analysis method was used to interpret the data.

    Results: Three main interrelated themes were identified: Facilitating Learning Among Today's Nursing Students, Teaching in an Era of Information Explosion and Health Care Reform, and Providing High-Quality Clinical Education.

    Conclusion: Findings from this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the challenges in preparing competent future nurses and offer insight into factors influencing the underpreparation of some new graduate BSN