Publications

AIM: To evaluate and compare the gingival and periodontal health status in patients after using Matcha mouthrinse and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate mouthwash and also evaluate the efficacy of Matcha extract on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans).

MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: It is a randomized clinical trial study with 32 adult patients having mild-to-moderate gingivitis and periodontitis. They were divided into two groups, each with 16 patients. Group A was given Matcha extract, and group B was given 2% CHX gluconate. All participants were brought to baseline by oral prophylaxis. They were asked to use their particular group mouth rinse for rinsing twice a day for 1 minute. Indices were taken at baseline, 7, 14, and 28 days. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was checked for Matcha extract on both P. gingivalis and S. mutans bacteria, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was taken at baseline and after 28 days to check colony-forming units (CFUs) of the samples.

RESULTS: Matcha mouthrinse significantly reduced the inflammatory condition of gingivitis and periodontitis (p < 0.05) and is comparable with 2% CHX gluconate. In vitro evaluation of Matcha extract at various concentrations of MIC shows its effectiveness on P. gingivalis and S. mutans.

CONCLUSION: To conclude, Matcha mouthrinse may be recommended as an alternative mouthrinse for improving oral health status.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The findings of this study suggest that Matcha mouthrinse, a natural and antioxidant-rich alternative, is effective in reducing gingival and periodontal inflammation, with outcomes comparable to the gold standard 2% CHX gluconate. Additionally, Matcha extract demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against key periodontal pathogens P. gingivalis and S. mutans. This highlights its potential as a safer, herbal-based adjunct in periodontal therapy, especially for patients seeking non-chemical or side-effect-free options for maintaining oral hygiene and preventing disease progression. How to cite this article: Gadekar AV, Dodamani AS, Vishwakarma PK, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Herbal Matcha Extract and 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate on Periodontal Health Status: A Clinico-microbiological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(5):488-492.

AIM: This study compared the shade matching, color difference, and patient satisfaction of lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) and the new gradient technology zirconia (5Y-TZP\3Y-TZP) (IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime) crowns in the esthetic zone.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 ceramic crowns were divided into two groups (n = 12), and patients were allocated randomly into group E (IPS e.max CAD) and group Z (IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime). After final cementation, shade matching to the reference tooth was evaluated by three experienced evaluators using Modified United States Public Health Service criteria. The color difference ΔE was measured using intraoral spectrophotometer and evaluated for each group. Patient satisfaction of the two groups was assessed using the visual analog scale. The follow-up was at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.

RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between group E and group Z (p-value = 1, effect size = 1.316) concerning the shade matching. There was no change by time in scores in each group. Color difference: IPS e.max CAD showed statistically significantly higher ΔE than IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime. Regarding each material, there was no statistically significant change in ΔE at different periods. There was no statistically significant difference concerning patient satisfaction between group E and group Z (p-value = 0.432, effect size = 0.298). There was no change by time in scores in each group.

CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, both IPS e.max CAD and IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime crowns provide satisfactory esthetic outcomes. However, ZirCAD Prime exhibited a superior ability to replicate natural tooth shades.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Shade matching is a critical skill for dental clinicians, playing an important role in achieving optimal esthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction. Accurate color selection ensures that restorations seamlessly blend with natural teeth, maintaining a harmonious smile. Precise shade matching contributes significantly to patient satisfaction by meeting their esthetic expectations and boosting their confidence. How to cite this article: Eid NK, Sherif RM, Rabie KA. Clinical Evaluation of Shade Matching and Patient Satisfaction of Gradient Zirconia vs Lithium Disilicate Crowns in the Esthetic Zone: Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(5):481-487.

AIM: To evaluate and compare the salivary pH and oral clearance rate following the use of four different commercially available antitussive lozenges, in order to assess their potential impact on oral health.

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: A total of 40 healthy young adults were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 each): Group I - Strepsils, group II - Koflet, group III - TusQ, and group IV - Vicks. Baseline unstimulated saliva samples were collected 1 hour after breakfast. After lozenge consumption, stimulated saliva samples were collected at 5-minute intervals up to 30 minutes. Salivary pH was measured using a calibrated digital pH meter. Oral clearance time was determined based on the time required for the salivary pH to return to baseline. Data were recorded and statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: All groups showed a salivary pH drop after lozenge use, with TusQ having the largest drop (3.73) and Koflet the smallest (5.74) at 5 minutes. pH levels gradually increased, with no significant differences between groups by 30 minutes. Koflet maintained higher pH at most times, while Strepsils had higher pH than TusQ at 10 and 15 minutes. Oral clearance time was shortest for Koflet (12.7 ± 2.34 minutes) and longest for Vicks (19.4 ± 2.67 minutes), with Koflet significantly different from the others.

CONCLUSION: The study concluded that different commercially available antitussive lozenges significantly influenced salivary pH and oral clearance time, highlighting their varying potential to impact oral health. Products with lower pH and prolonged clearance times may pose a higher risk for enamel erosion and caries, emphasizing the need for careful consideration when using such lozenges frequently.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the significance of evaluating the erosive potential and oral clearance time of commonly used over-the-counter lozenges. Lozenges with low pH, high acidity, and extended oral retention can increase the risk of dental erosion and caries, particularly in vulnerable populations. The findings emphasize the need for dental professionals to advise patients on safer alternatives and urge manufacturers to create more tooth-friendly products. How to cite this article: Wankhede SD, Vishwakarma PK, Dodamani AS, et al. pH Modulation and Salivary Clearance Rate of Different Antitussive Lozenges in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(5):458-461.

AIM: The present study evaluates the marginal adaptation, shade matching, and patient satisfaction of polychromatic feldspathic porcelain laminate veneers compared to hybrid ceramic multicolor laminate veneers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 26 patients required one side veneer to restore discolored, fractured, or maligned anterior teeth. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of restoration used. The Comparator group included patients receiving multicolor feldspathic (TriLuxe forte) laminate veneers Intervention group included patients receiving Multicolor hybrid ceramic laminate veneers (multicolored Vita Enamic). After final cementation, Marginal Adaptation, Shade matching, and Patient satisfaction were evaluated according to the modified USPHS criteria, after 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up intervals.

RESULTS: Marginal adaptation and patient satisfaction showed a statistically insignificant difference (p > 0.05) between both tested groups at all intervals, whereas, color stability had a statistically insignificant difference (p > 0.05) between both tested at T0 and T1, but there was a statistically significant difference (p-value 0.05) between both tested groups at T1 and T2; however, that difference was clinically insignificant. Both groups showed acceptable marginal adaptation, suitable color matching, and color stability with high patient satisfaction.

CONCLUSION: After 1-year of follow-up, TriLuxe forte and multicolored Vita Enamic laminate veneers showed successful marginal adaptation, shade matching, and patient satisfaction. This indicates that both materials can be recommended to be used as anterior single or multiple veneer restorations in clinical situations for optimum esthetic outcome. How to cite this article: Naji KF, Al Ansary HE, Elnaggar GAE, et al. Marginal Adaptation, Shade Matching, and Patient Satisfaction of Polychromatic Feldspathic Porcelain vs Polychromatic Hybrid Ceramic Laminate Veneers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(5):433-447.

We read with interest an article titled "Clinical Phenotypes and Disease-specific Health-related Quality of Life in Patients of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease" published in JAPI.1 We have the following comments to offer.

We present the case of a 45-year-old woman who survived a suicide attempt with partial hanging and presented with electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities that mimicked acute coronary syndrome (ACS). She exhibited ST-segment abnormalities and QT interval prolongation, all of which resolved within 1 month. This case highlights the importance of recognizing stress-induced cardiomyopathy, such as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, which can present with ECG changes similar to ACS, particularly in patients experiencing extreme emotional distress or suicide attempts.

Leptospirosis is an infection caused by the bacteria Leptospira. The disease presentation varies from self-limited acute febrile illness to complications involving multiple organs such as the liver, kidney, lungs, and bleeding diathesis. We present a case of a middle-aged female admitted with acute febrile illness, thrombocytopenia, and respiratory failure. She was diagnosed with leptospirosis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and was on noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV). The patient developed a stroke during the course of her admission, which was due to a large cerebral infarction. The patient was treated for leptospirosis, respiratory failure, and the cerebral infarction with antibiotics, steroids, and antiplatelet agents. She eventually recovered from both her ARDS and stroke and was discharged. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case from India of leptospirosis presenting with both ARDS and cerebral infarct. There is a dearth of literature wherein leptospirosis neurological involvement is in the form of ischemic stroke. This would further encourage research and guideline formulation for the management of both leptospirosis ARDS and ischemic stroke occurring as a complication.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory failure is a life-threatening emergency requiring intensive care. Nerve conduction and repetitive nerve stimulation studies are invaluable to solve dilemmas related to the diagnosis and management. The results of these tests are available immediately, and prompt treatment can be given as illustrated in this case.

CLINICAL DESCRIPTION: A 7-year-old boy presented in circulatory shock and impending respiratory failure to the casualty without any preceding illness.

MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME: The clinical picture, blood reports, and neurophysiological findings of repetitive compound muscle potentials on nerve conduction and a progressive decremental pattern on repetitive nerve stimulation were suggestive of acute organophosphate poisoning. This led to prompt institution of appropriate treatment comprising Ryle's tube aspiration, respiratory support, and administration of neostigmine and pralidoxime. The diagnosis was later confirmed by low serum pseudocholinesterase levels.

CONCLUSION: This case exemplifies the importance of neurophysiological study in the diagnosis of organophosphate poisoning.

INTRODUCTION: Splenic abscesses are rare and primarily affect immunocompromised patients. Burkholderia cepacia, an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant pathogen, is an uncommon cause of such infections. This case describes a 69-year-old male with multiple myeloma, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease who developed a B. cepacia splenic abscess, emphasizing the pathogen's emerging role in immunocompromised individuals.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 69-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease was admitted with fever and generalized weakness. Notably, he had been hospitalized 3 months earlier for bacteremia due to B. cepacia, which was treated with intravenous antibiotics. During the current admission, imaging revealed multiple splenic abscesses. Blood and splenic aspirate cultures confirmed B. cepacia. The patient was diagnosed with multiple myeloma based on a history of recurrent infections, hypercalcemia, anemia, A:G reversal, and bone marrow biopsy findings. He was treated with intravenous antibiotics and supportive care, leading to clinical improvement.

CONCLUSION: This case highlights the importance of considering B. cepacia as a causative agent in splenic abscesses, particularly in patients with newly diagnosed hematologic malignancies. Early recognition and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

INTRODUCTION: Recently, there is an upsurge of splenic abscess due to typhoidal Salmonella in India.

METHODS: We present a case of splenic abscess caused by Salmonella paratyphi A in an immunocompetent male and conducted a systematic review of splenic abscess cases attributed to typhoidal Salmonella described between January 2001 and May 2024.

RESULTS: Of 33 cases reviewed, 26, 2, and 1 case each were reported from India, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Qatar, and Pakistan, respectively. S. typhi and S. paratyphi A were reported from 29 and 4 cases, respectively. Mean age was 21 years, with 13 children and 8 females. About 28 were immunocompetent and two had diabetes mellitus. Blood, pus, stool, and pleural fluid grew the isolate in 13, 20, 1, and 1 case, respectively. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen was diagnostic in 28 cases and normal in two cases. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen was diagnostic in all the 27 cases tested. About 17, 12, and 1 patient showed multiple abscesses, solitary lesion, and multiloculated lesion, respectively. USG/CT-guided percutaneous drainage and splenectomy were performed in 25 and 7 cases, respectively. All 33 patients recovered from the infection.

CONCLUSION: We aspire to raise acquaintance among health professionals regarding this uncommon entity and foresee it in pertinent contexts.